Over the last few years, 9mm AKs have become a lot more common. Some AK pattern rifles such as the IMI Galil are chambered in the popular U.S. The bullet also fragments and rotates or “yaws” inside the target. But it can be much more devastating on a living target because its higher velocity creates hydro shock wave in flesh. The newer cartridge lacks the penetrating power of the original AK round. The bullet in a 5.45x39 round travels longer and faster, shoots flatter and recoils less than 7.62x39. The Soviet Union developed the cartridge to compete with the NATO standard 5.56x45. The AK-74, developed in the early 1970s, fires a 5.45×39 round. The original Soviet M43 rounds use projectiles that weigh 123 grains and travel around 2,400 feet per second. Most AKs are chambered in 7.62x39, a rimless, bottlenecked cartridge developed by the Soviet Union during World War 2.
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In 1991, the Russian Army updated their rifle with the AK-74M, and in 2018, the Russian Army announced another update with the adoption of the AK-12. To this day, 5.45 remains the standard cartridge for Russian armed forces. 5.45x39 offered a flatter trajectory and higher velocity than the AKM’s heavyweight 7.62x39 cartridge. Years later, the AK-74 introduced a 5.45x39 option to the AKM design. Overall, AKMs were lighter and more reliable than their predecessor, which is why AKMs remain one of the most prolific weapons in human history.
Designed for efficiency, the new AKMs featured a stamped sheet metal receiver, rivets instead of welds, a new muzzle brake, gas port enhancements, barrel improvements, and other upgrades. Of course, when people talk about AK 47s today, most refer to AKM-47s, an updated variant introduced in 1959. Soviet military trialed the rifle in 1948, and the AK entered service in 1949.
The AK 47 was first developed and manufactured from 1946 to 1947, hence the ‘47’ in AK 47.